⏳ 正在生成文件，请稍候...
💡 点击 意大利语/法语/德语 或 英语 即可朗读
音符 Notes
| 中文 | 美式英文 | 英式英文 | 时值 |
|---|
| 二全音符 | Double whole note | Breve | 8 拍 |
| 全音符 | Whole note | Semibreve | 4 拍 |
| 二分音符 | Half note | Minim | 2 拍 |
| 四分音符 | Quarter note | Crotchet | 1 拍 |
| 八分音符 | Eighth note | Quaver | ½ 拍 |
| 十六分音符 | Sixteenth note | Semiquaver | ¼ 拍 |
| 三十二分音符 | Thirty-second note | Demisemiquaver | ⅛ 拍 |
| 六十四分音符 | Sixty-fourth note | Hemidemisemiquaver | 1/16 拍 |
休止符 Rests
| 中文 | 美式英文 | 英式英文 | 时值 |
|---|
| 二全休止符 | Double whole rest | Breve rest | 8 拍 |
| 全休止符 | Whole rest | Semibreve rest | 4 拍 |
| 二分休止符 | Half rest | Minim rest | 2 拍 |
| 四分休止符 | Quarter rest | Crotchet rest | 1 拍 |
| 八分休止符 | Eighth rest | Quaver rest | ½ 拍 |
| 十六分休止符 | Sixteenth rest | Semiquaver rest | ¼ 拍 |
| 三十二分休止符 | Thirty-second rest | Demisemiquaver rest | ⅛ 拍 |
| 六十四分休止符 | Sixty-fourth rest | Hemidemisemiquaver rest | 1/16 拍 |
补充术语 Supplement
| 中文 | 英文 | 中文 | 英文 |
|---|
| 附点音符 | Dotted note | 谱号 | Clef |
| 附点休止符 | Dotted rest | 拍号 | Time signature |
| 三连音 | Triplet | 调号 | Key signature |
| 延音线 | Tie | 连音线 | Slur |
| 连奏 | Legato | 断奏 | Staccato |
| 符头 | Note head | 符干 | Stem |
| 符尾 | Flag | 小节线 | Bar line |
| 小节 | Measure / Bar | 音阶 | Scale |
速度术语 Tempo Marks
| 意大利语 | English | 中文 |
|---|
| Grave | Very slow, solemn | 庄板；极慢而庄严 |
| Largo | Slow and stately | 广板；慢而宽广 |
| Larghetto | Rather slow | 小广板；稍慢 |
| Lento | Slow | 慢板；缓慢 |
| Adagio | Slow | 柔板；从容缓慢 |
| Andante | At a walking pace | 行板；如步行速度 |
| Andantino | Slightly faster than andante | 小行板；比行板稍快 |
| Moderato | Moderate speed | 中板；中等速度 |
| Allegretto | Fairly quick | 小快板；稍快 |
| Allegro moderato | Moderately fast | 中庸的快板 |
| Allegro | Fast | 快板；快速 |
| Allegro assai | Very fast | 很快的快板 |
| Vivace / Vivo | Lively, quick | 活板；活泼而快 |
| Presto | Fast (faster than allegro) | 急板；很快 |
| Prestissimo | As fast as possible | 最急板；极快 |
| Tempo | Speed, time | 速度；拍速 |
| Comodo | At a comfortable speed | 舒适速度；从容地 |
| A tempo | In time | 回原速；恢复原速 |
| Alla breve | With a minim beat (2/2) | 二二拍子；以二分音符为一拍 |
速度变化 Changes in Tempo
| 意大利语 | English | 中文 |
|---|
| Accelerando (accel.) | Gradually getting faster | 渐快 |
| Stringendo | Gradually getting faster | 渐快加紧 |
| Incalzando | Getting quicker and more urgent | 渐快渐强；加紧 |
| Rallentando (rall.) | Gradually getting slower | 渐慢 |
| Ritardando (rit., ritard.) | Gradually getting slower | 渐慢 |
| Ritenuto (riten.) | Held back | 突慢；收住 |
| Allargando | Broadening | 渐宽广（渐慢渐强） |
| Ritmico | Rhythmically | 有节奏地 |
| Rubato | With some freedom of time | 自由速度；弹性速度 |
| Ad libitum (ad lib.) | At choice | 随意处理；自由地 |
| Attacca | Go immediately to next section | 紧接下段；不停顿 |
力度术语 Dynamics
| 意大利语 | English | 中文 |
|---|
| Pianississimo (ppp) | As soft as possible | 极弱 |
| Pianissimo (pp) | Very quiet | 很弱 |
| Piano (p) | Quiet | 弱 |
| Mezzo piano (mp) | Moderately quiet | 中弱 |
| Mezzo forte (mf) | Moderately loud | 中强 |
| Forte (f) | Loud | 强 |
| Fortissimo (ff) | Very loud | 很强 |
| Fortississimo (fff) | As loud as possible | 极强 |
| Crescendo (cresc.) | Gradually getting louder | 渐强 |
| Decrescendo (decresc.) | Gradually getting quieter | 渐弱 |
| Diminuendo (dim.) | Gradually getting quieter | 渐弱 |
| Fortepiano (fp) | Loud, then immediately soft | 强后即弱 |
| Sforzando / Sforzato (sf / sfz) | Forced, accented | 突强；特强 |
| Rinforzando (rf, rfz) | Reinforcing | 加强；突强 |
| Calando | Getting softer and slower | 渐弱渐慢 |
| Morendo | Dying away | 渐消失 |
| Perdendosi | Dying away | 渐消失 |
| Smorzando (smorz.) | Dying away in tone and speed | 渐慢渐弱而消失 |
| Estinto | As soft as possible, lifeless | 尽量弱；熄灭 |
| Niente | Nothing (silence) | 无；寂静 |
| Sotto voce | In an undertone | 低声地；轻声 |
表情与风格 Expression & Style
| 意大利语 | English | 中文 |
|---|
| Cantabile | In a singing style | 如歌的 |
| Cantando | Singing | 歌唱般地 |
| Legato | Smoothly | 连奏；连贯圆滑 |
| Staccato (stacc.) | Detached | 断奏；断音 |
| Tenuto | Held | 保持；充分保持时值 |
| Marcato (marc.) | Emphatic, accented | 强调的；加重音 |
| Dolce | Sweet, soft | 甜美的；柔和的 |
| Espressivo (espress.) | Expressive | 有表情的 |
| Appassionato | With passion | 热情的 |
| Affettuoso | Tenderly | 深情的；温柔的 |
| Agitato | Agitated | 激动的；不安的 |
| Animato | Animated, lively | 活泼的；有生气的 |
| Giocoso | Playful, merry | 嬉戏的；欢快的 |
| Scherzando | Playfully, joking | 诙谐的；戏谑的 |
| Grazioso | Graceful | 优雅的 |
| Leggiero | Light, nimble | 轻快的；轻巧的 |
| Maestoso | Majestic | 庄严的；宏伟的 |
| Sostenuto | Sustained | 持续的；绵延的 |
| Con brio | With vigour | 有活力地；精神饱满地 |
| Con spirito | With spirit | 有精神地 |
| Con amore | With love | 温柔地；含情地 |
| Con dolore | With grief | 悲伤地；哀痛地 |
| Deciso | With determination | 坚定的；果断的 |
| Risoluto | Bold, strong | 坚决的；果敢的 |
| Energico | Energetic | 精力充沛的 |
| Pesante | Heavy | 沉重的；有分量的 |
| Tranquillo | Calm | 安静的；平静的 |
| Misterioso | Mysteriously | 神秘的 |
| Semplice | Simple, plain | 单纯的；朴素的 |
| Sonoro | Resonant, with a rich tone | 响亮的；有共鸣的 |
| Amabile | Amiable, pleasant | 可爱的；亲切的 |
| Dolore | Grief, sorrow | 悲伤；哀痛 |
| Doloroso | Sorrowful | 悲伤的；痛心的 |
| Dolente | Sad, mournful | 哀伤的；悲痛的 |
| Lacrimoso | Tearful, sad | 哭泣的；悲哀的 |
| Mesto | Sad | 悲伤的；忧愁的 |
| Triste / Tristamente | Sorrowful | 悲伤的；忧伤的 |
| Piangevole | Plaintive, in the style of a lament | 哀怨的；哭泣般的 |
| Piacevole | Pleasant, agreeable | 愉快的；令人喜悦的 |
| Largamente | Broadly | 宽广地；广阔地 |
| Alla marcia | March | 进行曲风格 |
| Sempre | Always | 始终；一直 |
| Simile (sim.) | In the same way | 同样地；同前 |
| Subito (sub.) | Suddenly | 突然地 |
| Forza | Force | 力量 |
| Lusingando | Coaxing, charming | 妩媚的；诱人的 |
| Teneramente | Tenderly | 温柔地 |
| Volante | Flying, swift | 飞快的；轻捷的 |
反复与导航 Repeats & Navigation
| 意大利语 | English | 中文 |
|---|
| Da capo (D.C.) | Repeat from beginning | 从头反复 |
| Dal segno (D.S.) | Repeat from the sign | 从记号处反复 |
| Fine | The end | 结束；曲终 |
| Al Fine | Until the end (Fine) | 直到结束 |
| Coda | Tail, closing section | 尾声；结尾 |
| Segue | Go straight on | 紧接；继续不停 |
| Ossia | Or, alternatively | 或者；另一种奏法 |
| Loco | At the normal pitch | 恢复原位演奏 |
| Prima volta | First time | 第一结尾 |
| Seconda volta | Second time | 第二结尾 |
修饰词与连接词 Modifiers & Conjunctions
| 意大利语 | English | 中文 |
|---|
| Molto | Very, much | 非常；很 |
| Assai | Very | 非常；极 |
| Poco | A little | 少许；稍微 |
| Poco a poco | Little by little | 逐渐地 |
| Più | More | 更；更多 |
| Meno | Less | 较少；更少 |
| Troppo | Too much | 太多；过于 |
| Non troppo | Not too much | 不过分；适度 |
| Con / Col | With | 带有；用 |
| Senza | Without | 无；没有 |
| E / Ed | And | 和；与 |
| Ma | But | 但是 |
| Non | Not | 不；不是 |
| Ben | Well | 好；很 |
| Quasi | As if, resembling | 好像；近乎 |
| Come | As, similar to | 如同；像 |
| Al / Alla | In the style of | 以...风格 |
| Mezzo | Half | 一半；中等 |
| Mosso / Moto | Movement | 运动；活跃 |
| Prima / Primo | First | 第一；主要的 |
| Brio | Vigour | 活力；精神 |
| Spirito | Spirit | 精神；灵魂 |
| Voce | Voice | 声音；声部 |
| Sopra | Above | 在...之上 |
| Sotto | Under; below | 在...之下 |
法语术语 French Terms（4级必考）
| Français | English | 中文 |
|---|
| Animé | Animated, lively | 活泼的；有生气的 |
| Douce / Doux | Sweet | 甜美的；柔和的 |
| Lent | Slow | 慢 |
| Modéré | At a moderate speed | 中板；适中 |
| Retenu | Held back | 收住；突慢 |
| Vite | Quick | 快 |
德语术语 German Terms（5级必考）
| Deutsch | English | 中文 |
|---|
| Langsam | Slow | 慢 |
| Lebhaft | Lively | 活泼的 |
| Mäßig | At a moderate speed | 中板；适中 |
| Ruhig | Peaceful | 平静的 |
| Schnell | Fast | 快 |
| Traurig | Sad | 悲伤的 |